Antileishmanial efficacy and tolerability of combined treatment with non-ionic surfactant vesicle formulations of sodium stibogluconate and paromomycin in dogs

Infection with Leishmania infantum causes the disease visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which is a serious clinical and veterinary problem. The drugs used to treat canine (CanL) do not cause complete parasite clearance; they can be toxic, emerging drug resistance in populations limits their utility. Therefore, this study we have evaluated toxicity efficacy of joint treatment 1:1 mixture sodium stibogluconate-NIV (SSG-NIV, 10 mg Sbv/day) paromomycin-NIV (PMM-NIV, PMM/kg/day), given intravenously daily for seven days from day 270 post-infection, nine-month-old female beagle dogs (n = 6) experimentally infected infantum. Treatment significantly improved symptoms VL infection all treated dogs, reduced burdens lymph nodes bone marrow, symptomatic were asymptomatic at 90 post-treatment. was associated progressive significant decrease specific IgG anti-Leishmania antibodies using soluble antigen (p < 0.01) or rK39 as target antigen. In addition, classified negative based on nested PCR quantitative real time tests well an inability culture promastigote parasites marrow tissue samples taken However, did cure detected months post-treatment, indicating that different dosing regimen required long term prevent relapse.